Chemically synthesized HAp shows resemblance in composition when compared with biological HAp and therefore can perform many properties of natural HAp such as the provision of the surface for the deposit of calcium-containing mineral during anchorage-dependent osteoblasts when used as an orthopedic or dental implant. Its role as an implant material and bone filler is due to its exceptional bioactivity, biocompatibility, osteoconductivity and crystallographic structure with similarity to the mineral segment of natural bone. In recent years, hydroxyapatite (HAp) has gained much interest owing to the rising need for more biomaterials. The bioactivity study showed spherical deposition around the porous region of the scaffold HAp suggesting the growth of apatite in SBF media after 7 days of incubation, while antibacterial activity studies showed zones of inhibition with an increase in zinc ions concentrations. TEM results showed particulate polycrystalline apatite with crystallite size ranging from 68 nm in pure HAp to 41 nm in 20% Zn-doped HAp indicating a decrease in the crystal size with increasing Zn ion in the samples. SEM evaluation showed that the apatite contains fine particles with nearly round shape with interconnected pores and decreasing Ca/P ratio with increasing Zn ion concentration. The presence of phosphate ions, carbonates ions, and hydroxyl groups in the apatite powder was ascertained by the FT-IR evaluation. The XRD structure revealed that Zn ion incorporation up to 10% led to the second phase hydroxyapatite (HAp) formation, while higher concentration diminished the apatite structure. Bioactivity study was performed in simulated body fluid (SBF), while the antimicrobial activity was studied using disc diffusion method. The structure of the synthesized Zn-HAp was investigated with X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Energy dispersive X-spectroscopy (EDAX), transmission electron microscope (TEM), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). In this study, the antimicrobial and scaffold of zinc-substituted hydroxyapatite, (Zn-HAp) synthesized via chemical co-precipitation technique was investigated.
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